During Michigan's lumbering era in the 1800's, ships were one of the major modes of transporting lumber to market, and many communities along Lake Michigan's shore would contain at least one dock for boats to access the towns. Leelanau County's communities fell in this category as well, Suttons Bay, Northport (which had a railroad ferry to Manistique from 1903 to 1906), Good Harbor, Port Oneida, and Glen Haven, among others. One of these boats that plied Lake Michigan, and which could have possibly visited all or some of these Leelanau County ports of call, was the schooner Rouse Simmons. Built in 1868, she sailed longer than most other schooners when more modern ships were replacing masted boats for commerce.
Although the Simmons brought lumber and other products to market during the regular sailing season, she was best known for bringing her last cargo of the season to the people of Chicago: Christmas trees. And because of this, she was nicknamed the Christmas Tree Ship. Other boats hauled Christmas trees as well, but the Simmons stood out as the Christmas Tree Ship, perhaps because of her skipper, Captain Herman Schuenemann.
Herman and his brother August made their careers sailing the Great Lakes, and it was August who started the tradition of bringing Christmas trees to Chicago in 1876, with Herman following in 1887. Both skippers continued this tradition together until tragedy struck in November 1898 when August Schuenemann and his boat, the S. Thal, were lost in a November storm on Lake Michigan northeast of Chicago while hauling a cargo of Christmas Trees. August's death was a great blow to Herman, but he continued to carry on the tradition of bringing Christmas cheer to his fellow Chicagoans.
Herman sailed a number of different ships, but it was only beginning in 1910 that the Rouse Simmons earned The Christmas Tree Ship nickname, the good captain purchasing part ownership in the boat. One of the other part owners was Mannes J. Bonner of St. James, Beaver Island (a Leelanau County protectorate, 1865-1869). The Simmons, decked out with Christmas tree lights and loaded both on deck and cargo hold with Christmas trees from Michigan's Upper Peninsula, made its annual port of call at Chicago's Clark Street Bridge in 1910 and 1911 to bring Christmas cheer to anyone who could afford a tree or not. 1912 should have been no different, but...
The 1912 shipping season was over for the Simmons, and Captains Schuenemann and Charles Nelson, Nelson's wife, and 14 others made their way on the Christmas Tree Ship for the port of Thompson, Michigan in the U.P. for their annual Christmas tree cargo. Once the boat was loaded and ready to sail, the weather began to turn threatening. Captian Schuenemann had to choose between waiting out the storm, or to take a chance. He chose the latter because he wanted people to have their annual Christmas trees, and possibly because of Chicago's trade demand.
As conditions on Lake Michigan went from bad to worse, ships were taking shelter, but one incoming boat off Point Aux Barques saw the Simmons heading out full sail into the November fury on November 22, 1912. The next day, she was spotted, flying distress signals, by the Kewaunne (Wisconsin) U.S. Life Saving Station. Then snow made visibility zero. A telephone call to the Two Rivers Station sent a power-boat out to look for the Christmas ship, but was never sighted. The Revenue Cutter Tuscarora was sent out, but to no avail. The Christmas Tree Ship was lost with all hands.
During the course of the next fifteen years, two corked bottles were found washed up on the Lake Michigan shore, supposedly one each written by Captians Schuenemann and Nelson. Whether or not these notes are authentic is debatable, but, a wallet washed up on shore contained a receipt with Herman Shuenemann's signature on it in 1924.
As recently as the 1950's, fisherman in the vicinity of where the Simmons went down would occasionally bring up Christmas trees in their fishing nets. The location of the wreck was only approximately known until October 1971 when a scuba diver discovered and identified the boat as the Simmons. Underwater cameras have even spotted Christmas Trees still in its cargo hold.
Despite the loss of Captian Schuenemann, his family continued to bring Christmas trees to Chicago households and churches until the mid-1930's. Mrs. Barbara Schuenemann passed away in 1933, and daughters Elsie, Hazel, and Pearl in 1950, 1969, and 1991 respectively. But even today, the tradition the Schuenemanns started so long ago was revived in 2000 with Cheboygan's U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Mackinaw, and its successor, USCGC Mackinaw II, arriving in Chicago decked out with Christmas tree lights and loaded with Christmas trees for both needy and well-to-do families.
~ Thomas Baird