ARTICLE XIII D
PLANNED UNIT DEVELOPMENT (PUD)
SECTION 13D.1 INTENT AND PURPOSE
A. The provisions of this Article establish the authority and standards for the submission, review, and approval of applications for Planned Unit Development (PUD). It is the intent of the Article to authorize the creation of PUDs as a Special Land Use (referred to as Conditional Land Uses in other sections of this Ordinance) for the purposes of:
1. Encouraging the use of land in accordance with its character and adaptability;
2. Conserving natural resources, natural features, and energy;
3. Encouraging innovation in land use planning;
4. Providing enhanced housing, employment, shopping, recreational, and open space opportunities for the people of Elmwood Township;
5. Bringing about a greater compatibility of design and use between neighboring properties; and
6. Facilitating the implementation of the Township Master Plan.
B. The provisions of the Article are not intended as a device for circumventing the Zoning Ordinance or the planning upon which it is based. However, these PUD provisions are designed to permit a degree of flexibility not available through the conventional zoning districts, resulting in a substantially superior development for the community and the ultimate users of the development that could not be achieved otherwise. A PUD for a parcel of land is eligible for consideration if the zoning district in which the land is located authorizes a PUD application.
SECTION 13D.2 STANDARDS FOR APPROVAL
A. When the Hearing Officer makes a recommendation or the Planning Commission makes a decision regarding a PUD Plan, the Hearing Officer and Planning Commission shall approve or approve with conditions a PUD application that complies with the following standards:
1. The land uses within a PUD shall comply with the uses designated for those lands in the applicable zoning district of the Township Zoning Ordinance where PUDs may be permitted.
2. The PUD shall meet the minimum land area requirements specified for each zoning district where PUDs may be permitted.
3. The lands comprising a PUD must be subject to unified ownership or control, so that the person or legal entity that is applying for PUD approval will have proprietary responsibility for the completion of the development, if approved. If multiple persons or legal entities have ownership interests in the land, all such persons or entities shall sign the PUD application or, if the application is signed by a prospective purchaser or optionee, written consent to the application by all owners of the land must be submitted with the application.
4. Except as provided in this section, water supply and sanitary sewage disposal in and for a PUD shall be accomplished only by public or community water supply and sanitary sewer systems, approved by the Leelanau County Health Department and other agencies having jurisdiction and in compliance with applicable Township ordinances. On-site septic systems and wells may be permitted for individual residential lots of one acre or more in areas that contain a single dwelling, if approved by the Leelanau County Health Department.
5. Motor vehicle access to the uses within a PUD shall be provided only from interior roads.
6. A PUD shall comply with all dimensional and use regulations of the zoning district in which the proposed PUD will be located, unless otherwise modified by the Hearing Officer as provided in this Article.
7. The PUD Plan and the proposed land uses within the PUD must be consistent with the applicable provisions of the Township Master Plan.
8. The PUD Plan is consistent with the intent of this Article, as described in Section 13D.1, and also represents a development opportunity for the community that could not be achieved through conventional zoning.
9. The PUD Plan and the proposed land uses within the PUD must be consistent with the intent and all of the requirements of the underlying zoning district.
10. The PUD Plan and the uses proposed for the PUD must be compatible with the type, character and density of the existing and anticipated land uses on adjacent and nearby lands.
11. The proposed PUD must be compatible with the capacities of public services and facilities affected by the development.
12. The proposed PUD does not contain uses or conditions of use that would be injurious to the public health, safety, or welfare of the community.
13. The proposed PUD preserves, in perpetuity, significant natural features, if any.
14. If a proposed PUD lies partially outside the jurisdictional boundary of the Township, then the minimum parcel size shall be based on the total size of the project and not just that portion within the Township.
15. The proposed PUD consolidates and maximizes useable open space.
16. Sufficient landscaping must be provided to insure that proposed uses will be adequately buffered from one another and from surrounding public and private property and to create a pleasant pedestrian scale outdoor environment.
17. Safe, convenient and well-defined vehicular and pedestrian circulation within and access to the development must be provided.
18. Important historical and architectural features, if any, within the development are to be preserved.
19. The PUD Plan also complies with the standards in Section 13C.7, entitled Site Plan Review.
SECTION 13D.3 APPLICATION & REVIEW PROCEDURES
A. Special Land Use – Hearing Officer & Planning Commission -- Escrow. A PUD shall constitute a Special Land Use. A PUD application shall be decided by the Planning Commission after it receives a proposed decision from a Hearing Officer. The Planning Commission makes the final determination regarding the PUD application. The Hearing Officer shall be appointed by the Township Board and may be appointed on a case-by-case basis or for such a period of time as the Township Board shall deem appropriate. The Hearing Officer shall be a public official when performing the duties required by this Ordinance. The applicant shall place funds in escrow with the Township in such amount as shall be determined by the Township Board to pay for the anticipated charges of the Hearing Officer and any consultants that the Hearing Officer or Planning Commission determines are reasonably necessary to complete the duties imposed on them by this Ordinance. The funds shall be placed in escrow on or before a PUD application is filed with the Township. Based on anticipated future charges, the Township may require the applicant to replenish the escrow fund to its original amount or to a lesser amount when the escrow fund reaches one-third or less of the original amount of the escrow fund. The failure of an applicant to make payments to the escrow fund shall render the PUD application incomplete and not ripe for further consideration. Any monies that remain in the pre-application conference escrow fund may be applied to this escrow fund.
B. Pre-application Conference and Escrow. Prior to submitting an application for a PUD, the applicant shall meet with the Township Planner, Zoning Administrator and any staff and consultants that the Township deems appropriate. If a Hearing Officer has been appointed, the Hearing Officer may attend any pre-application conference. No statements of the Hearing Officer at a pre-application conference shall be construed as a position on the merits of the PUD application. No fee shall be required for this review, except that if the Township will use independent contractors as a Hearing Officer or for legal, planning or other consulting services related to any pre-application conference or as the Hearing Officer, the Township may require that the anticipated costs of those persons to review documents and attend any pre-application conference be paid to the Township in escrow prior to any such conference or conferences. The purpose of a pre-application conference is to determine the eligibility of a project for consideration as a PUD and to discuss PUD application procedures. Multiple pre-application conferences may be held if the potential applicant and Township agree. After the pre-application conference(s) have been completed, the Township representatives shall recommend an amount to be placed in escrow as described in Section 13D.3.A. During at least one
pre-application conference, the applicant shall informally describe the intended concept at the conference, with a sketch plan of the proposed PUD, as well as the following information:
1. The total number of acres in the project;
2. The number of residential units;
3. The number and/or square feet and type of nonresidential uses,
4. The number of acres to be occupied by each type of use;
5. Variations from Ordinance regulations that are being sought and the reasons to support requested changes;
6. The number of acres to be preserved as open or recreational space; and,
7. All known natural resources and natural features to be preserved and a separate indication of those to be removed.
C. Variations. Variations to any requirements of the underlying zoning district may be authorized by the Planning Commission as long as the approved plan with any variations complies with the standards of Section 13D.2.A.
D. PUD Application. Following the pre-application conference, the applicant shall submit a completed application form for PUD approval, an application fee, and ten (10) copies of the materials and information shown below. These materials and information are also collectively called the PUD Plan. If the PUD is to be developed in phases, the PUD Plan shall show all phases. The PUD Plan shall contain or have with it:
1. An initial deposit of the required fees associated with a zoning escrow account for reimbursement to the Township for its expenses to review and consider the application.
2. A narrative statement together with supporting charts, maps and documents describing:
a. The total number of acres in the project;
b. The number of acres to be occupied by each type of use;
c. The number of residential units;
d. A residential density calculation indicating the number of dwelling units per gross site area and a more specific residential density calculation by type of unit per gross site area associated with that particular unit type;
e. The number and/or square feet and type of nonresidential uses;
f. The number of acres to be preserved as common open or recreational space;
g. The objectives of the proposed PUD and how they relate to the intent and purpose of Planned Unit Development in Elmwood Township, as described in Section 13D.1;
h. The relationship of the proposed PUD to the Township Master Plan;
i. The implementation phases of the PUD and the approximate time frame for each phase;
j. Proposed utility services and how they are to be provided;
k. Proposed deed restrictions, covenants, or similar legal instruments to be applied within the PUD;
l. Anticipated start and completion dates for construction;
m. Variations from Ordinance regulations that are being sought and the reasons to support requested changes;
n. Areas of the site containing significant natural features, including a breakdown of the approximate square feet/acres by type of significant natural feature. Significant natural features shall include: wetlands, flood plains, water bodies, woods, slopes in excess of 25%, active agricultural land, or other unique natural features as determined by a local, state or federal department or agency authorized by law to designate or classify a unique natural feature.
o. Anticipated phases of the PUD;
p. A specific schedule of the intended development and construction schedule details, including phasing and timing; and
q. Signatures of all parties having an interest in the property with a statement of the nature of their interest and intention to see the development of the property completed in accordance with the approval, if granted.
2. Maps shall be drawn at a conventional scale appropriate to the size and scale of the property and development, as approved by the Zoning Administrator. It shall contain the following:
a. The name of the PUD, the applicant’s name, the name and address of the firm or individual who prepared the Preliminary Development Plan, date, scale, and north arrow;
b. Property lines, dimensions of all property lines, and size of the PUD (and individual phases) in acres;
c. Existing zoning and land use of all abutting properties;
d. Significant natural features on the site, as specified in section 13D.3.C.2.n;
e. Existing buildings and structures on the site and that are located on abutting land within fifty (50) feet of a common property line;
f. Proposed uses, buildings and their locations;
g. Rights-of-way and pavement edges or curb lines of existing streets abutting the PUD;
h. Locations of proposed access drives, parking lots and streets within the PUD;
i. Proposed walkways or pedestrian paths;
j. Proposed method of providing water, sanitary sewer, and storm water drainage facilities;
k. Layout and typical dimensions of proposed lots;
l. A specific schedule of the general improvements to constitute a part of the development, including, without limitation, lighting, signs, the mechanisms designed to reduce noise, utilities, and visual screening features; and
m. Specification of the exterior building materials with respect to the structures proposed in the project.
3. The Planning Commission Officer may require additional information reasonably necessary to determine compliance with the review standards and other requirements applicable to a PUD or to determine the impacts of the proposed development. Such information may include, for example, soil reports, hydrological tests, traffic studies, wetland determinations or a market analysis. At any time during the PUD Plan review process, the Planning Commission shall have the right to hire such experts as may be needed to provide independent studies regarding issues related to the PUD approval standards or to review documents or the reports of experts. Fees and expenses related to any such experts shall be paid from the monies that have been paid to the Township in escrow.
E. PUD Public Hearing. Upon determining that the application and all required information are complete, the Planning Commission shall hold a public hearing and the Hearing Officer shall also be present. The Hearing Officer shall preside at the public hearing. Notice of the hearing shall be in accordance with the notification procedures for Special Land Uses as described in the Township Zoning Act. At the public hearing, the Hearing Officer shall permit comments from the public with respect to the proposed PUD. The public hearing may be adjourned as needed by a majority vote of the Planning Commission to obtain public input, to allow for the gathering of additional factual information, to obtain professional reviews, studies or opinions, to obtain legal advice or for other good cause. In addition, the Hearing Officer or Planning Commission may, but is not required to seek an interpretation of any of the applicable provisions of this Ordinance from the body to whom that interpretation authority has been granted by this Ordinance.
F. Hearing Officer Decision. Following the public hearing, the Hearing Officer shall consider whether the proposed PUD Plan complies with the standards of Section 13D.2.A. and shall prepare a recommended decision for consideration by the Planning Commission. The recommended decision shall include proposed findings of fact and whether the PUD Plan should be approved, denied, or approved with conditions. The recommended decision of the Hearing Officer shall be given to the Planning Commission, mailed to the applicant by first class mail and shall be available at the township offices for the public.
G. Final Decision by the Planning Commission. After the recommended decision of the Hearing Officer has been provided to the Planning Commission, the Planning Commission shall make its decision at any regular or special meeting. Another pubic hearing is not required. However, the Planning Commission may schedule another public hearing to gather additional information regarding any standard if it finds that additional information from experts or consultants is needed to help it determine whether a standard has been met. At a meeting on which the Planning Commission makes its decision, the Planning Commission shall review the record compiled at the public hearing, the reports of any experts or consultants and the Hearing Officer’s recommended decision. More than one meeting may be held. The Planning Commission may invite the Hearing Officer to attend the meeting or any subsequent meeting to explain the recommended decision and to answer questions. The Planning Commission may also invite the applicant or any expert or consultant to a meeting to answer questions that the Planning Commission may have or to explain a report or recommendation. Based on the record compiled at the public hearing, the Planning Commission shall determine whether the PUD Plan complies with the standards of Section 13D.2.A. The Planning Commission shall approve or approve with conditions the PUD plan if it complies with the standards of Section 13D.2.A. The proposed PUD shall be denied if it does not meet the standards of Section 13D.2.A. The Planning Commission shall make a written decision. The Planning Commission may adopt, as its own decision, the recommended decision of the Hearing Officer or it may modify the recommended decision based on the record created at the public hearing. The decision of the Planning Commission shall be a final decision after the minutes of the meeting at which the decision was adopted has been approved. Once the decision has become final, judicial review may be taken as authorized by law.
H. Optional Procedure - Separate Site Plan Consideration. An applicant may elect to have a PUD site plan considered after an initial PUD has been approved. In this two step process, the initial PUD shall be referenced as a Preliminary PUD Plan while the site plan shall be referenced as a Final PUD Plan. All other provisions of this Article shall apply to this section, except if there are any differences then the provisions of this section shall control. The escrow fund shall be sufficient to cover all costs incurred by the Township because of this optional procedure.
1. Preliminary PUD Plan.
a. Submittal Requirements. An applicant must submit all information required in Section 13D except items 13D.2. - m, n and o.
b. Standards. All approval standards of this Article shall apply except the site plan standards referenced in Section 13.D.2.14.
2. Final PUD Plan.
a. Submittal Requirements. An application and 10 copies of a Final PUD Plan meeting the requirements of Section 13D and in compliance with the approved PUD Preliminary PUD Plan must be filed not less than 30 days and not more than 1 year following approval of a Preliminary PUD Plan. If not submitted within this period all previous approvals shall expire.
b. Standards. The approval standards in Section 13D.2.A shall apply and shall be substantially consistent with the approved Preliminary PUD Plan.
3. Preliminary and Final PUD Plan Processing. The Preliminary and Final Plan shall be processed using the Hearing Officer and Planning Commission procedures provided in this Article. However, a public hearing shall not be required for a PUD Final Plan.
4. Denial of Final PUD Plan. If the Final PUD Plan is denied because it is not substantially consistent with the approved Preliminary PUD Plan, then the applicant may elect to have the Township treat the rejected Final PUD Plan as a revised PUD Preliminary Plan. The revised PUD Preliminary Development Plan shall be reviewed in accordance with the procedures of Sections 13.D.3, which shall include consideration by the Hearing Officer and final Planning Commission action.
SECTION 13D.4 CHANGES TO AN APPROVED PUD
Changes to an approved PUD shall be permitted only under the following circumstances.
A. The holder of an approved PUD Plan shall notify the Zoning Administrator, in writing, of any desired change to the approved PUD.
B. Minor changes may be approved by the Zoning Administrator upon determining that the proposed revision(s) will not alter the basic design and character of the PUD, nor any specified conditions imposed as part of the original approval. Minor changes shall include the following:
1. Change in any building size, up to five percent (5%) in gross floor area.
2. Movement of buildings or other structure by no more than ten (10) feet.
3. Replacement of plant material specified in the landscape plan with comparable materials of an equal or greater size.
4. Changes in building materials to a comparable or higher quality.
5. Changes in floor plans which do not alter the character of the use.
6. Relocation of dumpster or signs.
7. Modification of parking up to ten (10) percent of the total parking area, provided there is no change in the approved driveway location(s).
8. Changes required or requested by the Township, the Leelanau County Road Commission, or other County, State, or Federal regulatory agency in order to conform to other laws or regulations.
9. Change of phases or sequence of phases, only if all phases of the PUD have received final approval.
C. A proposed change determined by the Zoning Administrator not to be minor shall be submitted as an amendment to the PUD and shall be processed in the same manner as the original PUD application.
SECTION 13D.5 CONDITIONS
A. Reasonable conditions may be required with the approval of a PUD, to the extent authorized by law, for the purpose of ensuring that public services and facilities will be sufficient to serve the proposed land use, protecting the natural environment, ensuring compatibility with adjacent uses of land, and promoting the use of land in a socially and economically desirable manner.
B. Conditions imposed shall be: designed to protect public health, safety, and welfare; reasonably related to the purposes affected by the PUD; necessary to meet the intent and purpose of this Ordinance, and related to the objective of ensuring compliance with the standards of this Ordinance. All conditions imposed shall be made a part of the record of the approved PUD.
SECTION 13D.6 RECORDING OF AFFIDAVIT
The applicant shall record an affidavit acceptable to the township attorney with the Leelanau County Register of Deeds that contains the full legal description of the project site, specifies the date of completed PUD approval, specifies the description or identification number which the township has assigned to the PUD project, describes all conditions that were imposed as part of the approval and declares that all improvements will be carried out in accordance with the approved PUD application and plan. If the PUD is amended, the applicant shall record an amended affidavit acceptable to the township attorney that contains all of the information described above, describes the amendment, specifies the date on which the amendment was approved, describes all conditions that were imposed as part of the amendment approval and declares that the improvements will be carried out in accordance with the approved PUD, as amended. Finally, all deed restrictions and easements shall be duly filed with the Leelanau County Register of Deeds and copies of recorded documents filed with the zoning administrator. Copies of these recorded documents shall be given to the zoning administrator prior to the issuance of any land use permit.
SECTION 13D.7 PHASING
A. Phasing: Where a project is proposed for construction in phases, each phase, upon completion, shall be capable of standing on its own in terms of the presence of services, facilities, and open space, and shall contain the necessary components to ensure protection of natural resources and the health, safety, and welfare of the users of the PUD and the residents of the surrounding area.
B. For PUDs with both residential and nonresidential uses, the relative mix of uses and the scheduled completion of construction for each phase shall be disclosed and determined to be reasonable in the discretion of the Planning Commission. Uses within each phase shall meet the requirements of this Article.
SECTION 13D.8 TIME LIMIT
Each PUD shall be under substantial construction within one (1) year after the date of approval of the PUD Plan, except as noted in this Section. Substantial construction shall mean the commencement of construction of a building that is part of the approved PUD Plan or approved Final PUD Plan and for which a land use permit has been issued pursuant to Section 13D.11. Substantial construction does not mean merely grading or infrastructure.
A. The Planning Commission may grant one (1) extension of up to an additional one (1) year period, if the applicant applies for such extension prior to the date of the expiration of the PUD and provided that:
1. The applicant presents reasonable evidence that the development has encountered unforeseen difficulties beyond the control of the applicant; and
2. The PUD requirements and standards, including those of this Ordinance and the Master Plan, that are reasonably related to the development have not changed.
B. If substantial construction has not taken place within one (1) year after the date of approval of the PUD Plan, the date of approval of the Final PUD Plan if the optional preliminary PUD Plan and Final PUD Plan approach was used or prior to the expiration of an extension, the PUD approval shall be null and void.
C. If a PUD Plan has expired, the Planning Commission may rescind the PUD approval for the property after notice to the PUD applicant and providing the applicant an opportunity to be heard before the rescission becomes effective.
SECTION 13D.9 PERFORMANCE GUARANTEES
A. The Planning Commission may, as a condition of PUD Plan approval, require that the applicant provide a performance guarantee, in the form of a cash bond, a bank letter of credit, or other security in order to ensure compliance with the requirements of the Zoning Ordinance and any conditions attached to the PUD approval.
B. The amount of the bond or security to be submitted, if required, shall be equal to the total estimated cost for completing the required improvements, as approved.
SECTION 13D.10 ZBA JURISDICTION
The Board of Appeals is without jurisdiction to accept appeals regarding a PUD.
SECTION 13D.11 PUD APPROVAL & LAND USE PERMIT
PUD approval is not a land use permit (also, called a zoning permit). If there are no conditions on the PUD approval and no performance guarantee requirement, then the Zoning Administrator shall issue the land use permit upon request of the applicant. If the PUD approval is subject to any conditions or if a performance guarantee has been required, then the Zoning Administrator shall not issue a land use permit until all conditions have been met and the performance guarantee has been provided to the Township. An approved PUD shall not be commenced until a land use permit has been issued.